External injection of cloud based network functions into network services

ABSTRACT

Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for providing an API description of an external network service and using the API to integrate the external service into a network. An embodiment operates by receiving, from a service provider, a description of an application programming interface (API), transmitting a call to the service provider using the API for creating a new instance of a service and transmitting to the service provider a traffic flow upon which the service will be applied.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of, and claims priority to, U.S.application Ser. No. 15/605,643, titled “EXTERNAL INJECTION OF CLOUDBASED NETWORK FUNCTIONS INTO NETWORK SERVICES”, filed May 25, 2017,which is a continuation of, and claims priority to, U.S. applicationSer. No. 14/453,962, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,667,718, titled “EXTERNALINJECTION OF CLOUD BASED NETWORK FUNCTIONS INTO NETWORK SERVICES”, filedAug. 7, 2014, which is a continuation of, and claims priority to, U.S.application Ser. No. 14/178,389, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,832,321, titled“EXTERNAL INJECTION OF CLOUD BASED NETWORK FUNCTIONS INTO NETWORKSERVICES”, filed Feb. 12, 2014, which are all incorporated by referenceherein for all purposes. To the extent appropriate, priority is claimedto each of the above-recited applications and each of the above-recitedapplications are incorporated by reference in their entireties.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

Embodiments generally relate to virtual network services and, inparticular, to integrating external network functions into networkservices.

Background

Cloud-based network services can allow integration of variousindependently provided solutions into a virtual network in a manner thatis transparent to service users. For example, a cloud based networkservice provided by one entity can incorporate a firewall serviceprovided by a second entity, expanding the services available to theuser as third parties make them available.

Generally, a network integrates externals services by adapting to anexternal service's application programming interface (API). A networkcan modify its operation to implement the API, instantiate the externalservice, and properly route traffic through the external service.However, modifying a network's operation to integrate to an API canrequire substantial time and effort.

SUMMARY

In view of the above, it would be advantageous to provide a mechanismfor external network service providers to communicate an API descriptionthat can be incorporated into a network's operation to utilize theexternal service.

In an embodiment, a system receives, from a service provider, adescription of an application programming interface (API). The systemgenerates, based on a traffic flow, an API call to create a new instanceof a service provided by the service provider, such that the call isformatted as specified by the description and transmits the API call tothe service provider. The system transmits the traffic flow to theservice provider and receives the traffic flow, wherein the serviceprovider has applied the service to the traffic flow.

Method and computer-readable medium embodiments are also disclosed.

Further embodiments and features, as well as the structure and operationof the various embodiments, are described in detail below with referenceto accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are incorporated herein and form a part of thespecification.

FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a networking environment for integratingcloud-based external services into a network, according to an exampleembodiment.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating further details of thenetworking environment for integrating cloud-based external service intoa network, according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example registration API callfor registering an network service API function with a network,according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of calls for network APIfunction registration and instantiation, according to an exampleembodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart describing a process for initiating an externalservice in a network service, according to an example embodiment.

In the drawings, like reference numbers generally indicate identical orsimilar elements. Additionally, generally, the left-most digit(s) of areference number identifies the drawing in which the reference numberfirst appears.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Provided herein are system, method and/or computer program productembodiments, and/or combinations and sub-combinations thereof, forproviding an API description of an external network service and usingthe API to integrate the external service into a network.

FIG. 1A illustrates a networking environment 100 for integratingcloud-based external services into a network, according to an exampleembodiment.

Networking environment 100 includes clients 110 a and 110 b, a network120 and network service providers 130 a-130 b.

In an embodiment, clients 110 a and 110 b communicate through network120. Each of clients 110 a and 110 b can be any computing device, orcombination of computing devices, that can communicate through anetwork, such as, for example, personal computers, servers, mobiledevices, local area networks (LANs), etc. Client 110 a and 110 b can beclients of network 120. In another embodiment, clients 110 a and 110 bcommunicate through a virtual LAN (VLAN) set up by network 120.

Network 120 includes a network of nodes 122 a-f configured to route datatraffic between clients, for example, clients 110 a and 110 b. Forexample, network 120 is a metropolitan area network (MAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN). In an embodiment, network 120 provides virtual networkingservices, such as, for example, VLANs, virtual private networks (VPNs),etc. In an embodiment, network 120 provides Ethernet connectivitybetween clients in remote locations. For example, network 120 provides avirtual circuit with dedicated bandwidth for data communications betweenclients in remote locations. Network 120 may utilize any point-to-point,point to multipoint, or multipoint-to-multipoint networking protocols.Network access protocols used may include, for example, Ethernet,Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC),Frame Relay, Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET)/Synchronous DigitalHierarchy (SDH), Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol(TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Multiprotocol Label Switching(MPLS), etc.

Network service providers 130 a-130 b provides network servicesindependently from network 120. For example, providers 130 a-b is ahosted by third-party entities. An example network service is a firewallthat filters a traffic flow between two communicating clients. Otherexamples of network services are intrusion detection systems, antivirussystems, anti-spam filters, etc. In an embodiment, network serviceproviders 130 a-b provide network services to multiple networks. Networkservice providers 130 a-b provides network services by providing an APIfor creating an instance of a network service and for formatting trafficto be serviced. Networks uses a provider's respective API to provisionthe provider's services.

In an embodiment, network 120 also provides clients with networkservices. For example, network 120 implements its own firewall servicefor its clients. In an embodiment, a client of network 120 can choose touse services provided by network 120 or external providers foradditional or alternate services. In an embodiment, a client chooses theservices and service sources through a client portal webpage.

According to an embodiment, network service providers 130 a-b provides adescription of the API to network 120 during a registration process. Inthis manner, providers 130 communicates to network 120 how to interactwith and provision the services of provider 130. Network 120 then usesthis API description to format a service request and traffic forwardingthrough the service providers. In this manner, network 120 provisionsthe services of multiple network service providers without having tomodify its code for every provider. In an embodiment, providers 130 a-bregister their respective service APIs by calling a registration API ofnetwork 120 and including the provider API description as a parameter.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating further details of networkingenvironment 100, according to an example embodiment.

As depicted in FIG. 1B, an exemplary network node 122 includes an APIregistration module 124, a service call module 126, a client portalmodule 128, and an API database 129.

In an embodiment, API registration module 124 receives API registrationcalls from network service providers. The API registration calls includean API description of the API call to provision a network servicefunction provided by a service provider. API registration module 124stores the API description in API database 129.

In an embodiment, service call module 126 generates and transmits APIcalls to provision a network service. When network 120 seeks to initiatean external network service from a service provider, service call module126 queries API database 129 for the API description of the API call toinitiate the service function.

In an embodiment, client portal module 128 receives commands fromclients of network 120 to initiate external network services. Forexample, client portal module 128 may receive a command from client 110a to include firewall provided by firewall.com for the connectionbetween client 110 a and client 110 b. In an embodiment, client portalmodule 128 provides a graphical user interface for clients to provisionconfiguration and services settings. Client portal module 128 may thenforward the instruction to service call module 126 to initiate theservice. Client portal module 128 may provide a confirmation to theclient that the external service has been properly initiated, or thatthe service is unavailable. For example, if no API for the service hasbeen registered in API database 129, client portal module 128 may notifythe client that the service requested is unavailable.

As depicted in FIG. 1B, an exemplary service provider 130 includes anAPI publishing module 132 and a service module 134.

In an embodiment, API publishing module 132 communicates a registrationAPI call for registering a network service function with a network 120that service provider 130 seeks to receive service requests from. In anembodiment, API publishing module 132 registers service APIs when a newservice is provided, or when an API for an existing service has changed.

In an embodiment, service module 134 receives API service calls fromnetworks, and initiates network service functions accordingly.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example registration API call 200 for registeringa network service API function 250 with network 120, according to anexample embodiment. API calls between network 120 and network serviceproviders 130 may be transmitted using, for example, Advance MessageQueuing Protocol (AMQP), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP),Representational state transfer (REST), and Java Message Service (JMS).

In an embodiment, a registration API call 200 includes two parts: aregistration API identifier 210 and an API description 220.

In an embodiment, registration API identifier 210 identifies API call200 as a call to register an external function with network 120.Registration API identifier 210 may, for example, be a flag thatdifferentiates API call 200 from other calls received by network 120.

In an embodiment, API description 220 specifies the format andparameters that are to be passed when calling external network APIfunction 250. In an embodiment, API description 220 includes an externalservice identifier 222 and parameters 224.

Service identifier 222 identifies the external network API function 250that is being registered. Service identifier 222 may be, for example, anumber or a set of characters identifying API function 250.

Parameters 224 specify the parameters that network 120 needs to passwhen provisioning the external API function. In an embodiment,parameters are specified from a list of parameters associated with atraffic flow that the external network API function 250 is applied to.

For example, network 120 may implement a VLAN between clients 110 a and110 b, and may seek to establish a firewall for the traffic through theVLAN. In an example embodiment, network 120 calls an external APIfunction 250 for the firewall, as described by a corresponding APIdescription 220, to establish a firewall service provided by externalprovider 130 a. As part of the API function call, network 120 may passparameters such as, for example, an identifier of the traffic flow, thesource and destination addresses of the traffic, the source anddestination ports, etc.

In an embodiment, network 120 has a list of available parametersassociated with traffic flows, and descriptors for these parameters. Inan embodiment, a provider 130 a registering an API function describesthe API functions parameters 224 using descriptors from the list ofavailable parameters associated with traffic flows in network 120. In anembodiment, API description 220 specifies the format of an API call withparameters represented as variables in appropriate locations. Whenforming an API call, network 120 replaces the variables with thecorresponding parameters for the desired service.

FIG. 3 illustrates a sequence of calls for network API functionregistration and instantiation, according to an example embodiment.

As described above, service provider 130 a registers an API function fora service provided. To register the API function so network 120 can callthe function, a provider 130 a places a registration API call to networkservice 120, as shown at step 302. Network 120 stores the received APIdescription in an API registration database for future reference ininitiating the external service function.

At step 304, network 120 may respond with a confirmation that theregistration was successful.

At step 306, network 120 initiates the external service by retrievingthe appropriate API description for the service from the API databaseand transmitting the API call to provider 130 a.

At step 308, provider 130 sends a confirmation that the API call wassuccessful.

At step 310, network 120 begins to send traffic through provider 130 ato perform the provided service. For example, if a firewall service isinitiated through an API call, network 120 sends traffic throughprovider 130 for processing.

If the format for an API call changes, an external service providerupdates the API description by, for example, performing process 300again.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart describing a process for initiating an externalservice in a network service, according to an example embodiment.

At step 402, network 120 receives a request from a client to incorporatean external service into a traffic flow. For example, client 110 a maywant to add a firewall provided by firewall.com to a VLAN connectionbetween client 110 a and client 110 b.

At step 404, network 120 checks whether the requested external servicehas been registered. In an embodiment, network 120 checks the APIregistration database and tries to retrieve a description of the APIcorresponding to the requested external service. If network 120 does notfind an API description for the service, network 120 does not create theservice instance and notifies the requesting client with an errormessage, as shown in step 406.

If at step 404, network 120 finds an API description corresponding tothe requested service, the process moves to step 408 and creates an APIcall in the format described by the API description. For example,network 120 may prepare an API call to create a firewall in a formatspecified by firewall.com. The API call include parameters in the placeof variables specified in the description. For example, an APIdescription for creating a firewall using firewall.com may be“#fw/$FLOW_ID/$SRC_ADDR/$DST_ADDR/$SRC_PORT/$DST_PORT.” An API call toestablish a firewall between two clients would then substitute thevariables for the corresponding parameters of the traffic flow, forexample: “#fw/60/110.20.30.1/110.20.42.1/88/89.”

At step 410, network 120 transmits the API call to the external serviceand initiate the service by forwarding traffic in the appropriateformat. In the above example, network 120 would transmit the API call asdescribed above, and then forward flow 60 traffic coming from node110.20.30.1:88 and directed to 110.20.42.1:89 and divert it through thefirewall.com network.

CONCLUSION

API database may be any stored type of structured memory, including apersistent memory. In examples, each database may be implemented as arelational database or file system.

Each of the blocks and modules in FIGS. 1A and 1B may be implemented inhardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.

Each of the blocks and modules in FIGS. 1A and 1B may be implemented onthe same or different computing devices. Such computing devices caninclude, but are not limited to, a personal computer, a mobile devicesuch as a mobile phone, workstation, embedded system, game console,television, set-top box, or any other computing device. Further, acomputing device can include, but is not limited to, a device having aprocessor and memory, including a nontransitory memory, for executingand storing instructions. The memory may tangibly embody the data andprogram instructions. Software may include one or more applications andan operating system. Hardware can include, but is not limited to, aprocessor, memory, and graphical user interface display. The computingdevice may also have multiple processors and multiple shared or separatememory components. For example, the computing device may be a part of orthe entirety of a clustered computing environment or server farm.

Identifiers, such as “(a),” “(b),” “(i),” “(ii),” etc., are sometimesused for different elements or steps. These identifiers are used forclarity and do not necessarily designate an order for the elements orsteps.

The present invention has been described above with the aid offunctional building blocks illustrating the implementation of specifiedfunctions and relationships thereof. The boundaries of these functionalbuilding blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenienceof the description. Alternate boundaries can be defined so long as thespecified functions and relationships thereof are appropriatelyperformed.

The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fullyreveal the general nature of the invention that others can, by applyingknowledge within the skill of the art, readily modify and/or adapt forvarious applications such specific embodiments, without undueexperimentation, without departing from the general concept of thepresent invention. Therefore, such adaptations and modifications areintended to be within the meaning and range of equivalents of thedisclosed embodiments, based on the teaching and guidance presentedherein. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminologyherein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation, suchthat the terminology or phraseology of the present specification is tobe interpreted by the skilled artisan in light of the teachings andguidance.

The breadth and scope of the present embodiments should not be limitedby any of the above-described examples, but should be defined only inaccordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for integrating external services into afirst network, comprising: receiving, at a network element, a trafficflow addressed to a destination; receiving, at the network element, adescription of an application programming interface (API) call from aservice provider, wherein the description includes parameters;generating an API call including the parameters to be passed to theservice provider, wherein generating the API call comprises: based onthe traffic flow, generating variables corresponding to the parametersspecified by the description of the API call; and substituting thevariables for the corresponding parameters; transmitting the API call tothe service provider to initiate a service; prior to transmission of thetraffic flow to the destination, transmitting, to the service provider,the traffic flow to be processed by the initiated service; and after thetraffic flow is processed by the initiated service, receiving, from theservice provider, the traffic flow to forward on to the destination. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein the description specifies a format forthe API call.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein transmitting the APIcall comprises transmitting the API call according to the format.
 4. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the network element resides in a firstnetwork, and the service provider processes a second traffic flow from asecond network element residing in a second network independent from thefirst network.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the API call istransmitted to the service provider using at least one of AdvanceMessage Queuing Protocol (AMQP), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP),Representational state transfer (REST), and Java Message Service (JMS).6. A non-transitory computer-readable device having instructions storedthereon that, when executed by at least one computing device, causes theat least one computing device to perform operations comprising:receiving, at a network element, a traffic flow addressed to adestination; receiving, at the network element, a description of anapplication programming interface (API) call from a service provider,wherein the description includes parameters; generating an API callincluding the parameters to be passed to the service provider, whereingenerating the API call comprises: based on the traffic flow, generatingvariables corresponding to the parameters specified by the descriptionof the API call; and substituting the variables for the correspondingparameters; transmitting the API call to the service provider toinitiate a service; prior to transmission of the traffic flow to thedestination, transmitting, to the service provider, the traffic flow tobe processed by the initiated service; and after the traffic flow isprocessed by the initiated service, receiving, from the serviceprovider, the traffic flow to forward on to the destination.
 7. Thenon-transitory computer-readable device of claim 6, wherein thedescription specifies a format for the API call.
 8. The non-transitorycomputer-readable device of claim 7, wherein transmitting the API callcomprises transmitting the API call according to the format.
 9. Thenon-transitory computer-readable device of claim 6, wherein the networkelement resides in a first network, and the service provider processes asecond traffic flow from a second network element residing in a secondnetwork independent from the first network.
 10. The non-transitorycomputer-readable device of claim 6, wherein the API call is transmittedto the service provider using at least one of Advance Message QueuingProtocol (AMQP), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), Representationalstate transfer (REST), and Java Message Service (JMS).
 11. A systemcomprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory,the one or more processors configured to: receive, at a network element,a traffic flow addressed to a destination; receive, at the networkelement, a description of an application programming interface (API)call from a service provider, wherein the description includesparameters; generate an API call including the parameters to be passedto the service provider, wherein generating the API call comprises:based on the traffic flow, generating variables corresponding to theparameters specified by the description of the API call; andsubstituting the variables for the corresponding parameters; transmitthe API call to the service provider to initiate a service; prior totransmission of the traffic flow to the destination, transmit, to theservice provider, the traffic flow to be processed by the initiatedservice; and after the traffic flow is processed by the initiatedservice, receive, from the service provider, the traffic flow to forwardon to the destination.
 12. The system of claim 11, wherein thedescription specifies a format for the API call.
 13. The system of claim12, wherein the one or more processors are configured to transmit theAPI call according to the format.
 14. The system of claim 11, whereinthe system resides in a first network, and the service providerprocesses a second traffic flow from a second network element residingin a second network independent from the first network.